第二部分    解题指导与能力训练（P137-210）

二．词汇与语法知识解题指导与能力训练（P142-158）

一） 词汇与语法知识解题指导（P142-145）

1. 解题步骤和技巧：

1) 大致浏览所给四个选项和句子，迅速判断该题是语法题还是词汇题。如果是语法题要通过一些标志词来判断该题涉及哪些语法内容。再进一步回想该语法内容的要点。如果是词汇题就要先看一下所给四个选项的词是否都认识。

2) 在第一遍的大致浏览过程中有些题很容易就可以选出肯定的答案，情况会因人而异，有的人会做的题多有的人会做的题少。然后再从头开始仔细看没有选出答案的题。遵循先语法后语义的原则解题。

3) 运用排除法：可采取语言排除、逻辑排除、语法排除或选择排除等方法。先排除掉较容易、较明显的错误选项，缩小范围，而后对剩余的选项进行比较分析，最后确定答案。

2.　做题时要注意以下几个方面：

1) 切忌见句子就翻译， 不明白句子意思就不会选择的现象。

2）在选定答案时要根据每题的实际情况进行综合的分析判断，采用一种或多种逻辑推理方式解题。

3) 对于进过分析判断得出的答案不要反复进行检查。要相信自己的直觉和判断，即使有机会也不要和别人核对答案。

3. 实战案例

1) I got to the cinema saw that the film          .

A. already started

B. had already started

C. starts

D. had been started

解析：B 听讲座录音

2) A good deal of money       spent on books.

A. have

B. has

C. have been

D. has been

解析：D 听讲座录音

3) Three fourths of the homework        today.

A. has finished

B. has been finished

C. have finished

D. have been finished

解析：B 听讲座录音

4) He ran off        I could stop him.

A. before

B. after

C. since

D. when

解析：A 听讲座录音

5)          Miss Wang looked after the old woman a whole year moved us all.

A. That

B. What

C. When

D. Why

解析：A  听讲座录音

6) I       the paper after lunch. That’s one of the things I really enjoy.

A. used to read

B. am used to reading

C. use to read

D. used to reading

解析：B 听讲座录音

7) I am glad        to look around your research center.

A. to allow

B. to be allowed

C. having allowed

D. being allowed

解析：B 听讲座录音

8) She hasn’t read the article, nor        the essay.

A. has written

B. she has written

C. writing

D. has she written

解析：D 听讲座录音

9) How can you keep the machine       when you’re away?

A. run

B. runs

C. to run

D. running

解析：D 听讲座录音

10) If he       tomorrow, he will meet Mr. Wang.

A. come

B. comes

C. will come

D. coming.

解析：B 听讲座录音